Stories of raydeeam

Today I read about few things those are listed below:

• Data Structures in Python Data structures is a way to store and organize data. Obviously, some data structures are good in one set of problems, but terrible in other ones. The right choice of data structure can make your code faster, more efficient with memory and even more readable for other human beings. Python has few in-built data structures.

  • Lists List is a sequence of elements. It can store anything: numbers, strings, other lists, functions and etc. The fact that it can store anything is great but it has a disadvantage. This kind of list will require more memory. Let’s take a look at a basic example of list:

    # create list
    >>> list= ['Noname', 'Rayan', 'xyz', 100, 42, 55]
    >>> list
    ['Noname', 'Rayan', 'xyz', 100, 42, 55]
    # check if element is in list
    >>> 42 in list
    True
    

  • Tuples Another way to store a sequence of elements is to use tuples. Tuple is basically the same thing as list but with one difference. You can’t add or remove elements from tuples after initialization. It’s immutable data structure.

    >>> a = ('Noname', 'Rayan', 'xyz', 100, 42, 55)
    a
    >>> ('Noname', 'Rayan', 'xyz', 100, 42, 55)
    

  • Dictionary nother important data structure is dictionary. The difference between dictionary and list is that you access elements in dictionary by key, not by index.

    >>> dict = {'Rayan': 'Das','Kushal': 'Das','Sayan': 'Chowdhury'}
    >>> dict
    {'Rayan': 'Das', 'Kushal': 'Das', 'Sayan': 'Chowdhury'}
    

  • Sets Set stores only unique elements.

    >>> letters = {'a', 'b', 'c'}
    >>> 'c' in letters
    True
    >>> letters.add('d')
    >>> letters
    {'c', 'b', 'd', 'a'}
    

• Strings In Python we declare strings in between “” or ‘’ or ‘’’ ‘’’ or “”” “”“ There are different methods available for strings.

  • Strip a String Got to know how to strip a string.

• Functions A function is a block of code which only runs when it is called. You can pass data, known as parameters, into a function. A function can return data as a result.

  • Defining a function This way we can define a function.

    >>> def func(params):
    ...     statement1
    ...     statement2
    

  • Calling a function

    >>> def func():
    ...     print("hello from func")
    ... 
    >>> func()
    hello from func
    

  • Local and Global variables

  • Keyward only arguments We can also mark the arguments of function as keyword only. That way while calling the function, the user will be forced to use correct keyword for each parameter.

  • Docstrings We use docstrings in Python to explain how to use the code, it will be useful in interactive mode and to create auto-documentation.

  • Got to know about Higher-order function. It does at least one of the following step inside: -Takes one or more functions as argument. -Returns another function as output.

  • Map function map is a very useful higher order function in Python. It takes one function and an iterator as input and then applies the function on each value of the iterator and returns a list of results.

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